SWE4201 Introduction to Software Development Assignment Brief 2026

SWE4201 Assignment Brief

Learning Outcomes (LO):

On successful completion of this module, you will be expected to-be able to,

I. Summarise the basic principlesof object-oriented program design.

2. Construct logically and syntactically correct programs by utilising appropriate programming constructs; notations and conventions.

3. Demonstrate systematic testing, of programmed solutions to identify: and’ correct.syntax, semantic and. logic-errors.

4. Present effective use of modelling standards to and interaction.

Assessment Type: Portfolio — Coursework and -Presentation:–

This assignment is. an- Individual:PortfoIio consisting .of different.academic elements:

Report:

The report should be written in a concise, formal and academic style using single spacing.and font size 12. You are required to make use: of.headings,: sub-headings, paragraphs as appropriate. All the research. work must be .referenced.andcited.using. Harvard style of referencing. The recommended: word limit for.the report is 2500:

Code:

All the code should be submitted in zip files: in: the appropriate link (other: than Report submission link) provided in the Canvas..Please follow the best practices, such as writing clear, readable code, avoiding code:duplication, and adhering to object-oriented principles for better software design.

Demonstration:

As a mandatory part of your assessment, you are required to demonstrate your.working solution to your tutor. This demonstration should provide a clear understanding of how the Online Ticket Reservation System (OTRS): operates,: leveraging OOPprinciples like Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and Polymorphism to structure and simplify complex functionalities. By using UML diagrams, the system design should be made clear;. ensuring developers and stakeholders understand the flow and structure.of.the application.

Assignment Overview

Task: Development of Online Ticket Reservation System (OTRS)

Objective of the task: To apply object-oriented design principles in developing an Online Ticket Reservation System (OTRS), focusing on creating a modular, scalable, and maintainable application that can handle.complex data management and interactions: using OOP principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

Detailed Case Scenario: As the demand for online ticket booking continues to grow; businesses are increasingly adopting digital solutions to provide a seamless, user-friendly experience for their customers: The Online Ticket Reservation System (OTRS) is one such system that can be. designed using: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) principles to: ensure modularity,
scalability, and easy maintenance.

Imagine you have been hired as a software developer. for a travel company that wants to implement an Online Ticket Reservation System.  The system will manage the booking of tickets for different services, such as flights, trains, and buses. It should allow users to:

• Browse available tickets: Users should be. able to search for availablestickets by destination, date, and ticket type….
• Book tickets: Users can select a ticket and reserve it by entering their personal details and payment information.
• Manage bookings: Users should:be able to.view their reservations, make.modifications, and cancel bookings if necessary..
• Admin management: Administrators can:add.or remove available routestand services and track the status of reservations…

The system must be designed using OOP principles to ensure the flexibility and maintainability of the application: This includes creating appropriate classes for tickets; reservations, users, routes, and services, each having specific.attributes.and methods..The relationships.between these classes will be modelled using inheritance (e.g., different ticket types might inherit from
a base Ticket class), and polymorphism will be used to handle multiple service types (e.g., flight, train, and bus).

Deliverable: Upon completing this task, you will understand the practical application of ObjectOriented Programming in building systems that require managing.complex data. This system will also demonstrate how OOP principles make the code more maintainable, scalable, and flexible for future improvements. Additionally, the final report will serve as a learning tool for understanding OOP concepts and applying them to real-world software projects.

Note: Students are required to develop a simplified console-based Online Ticket Reservation System that focusses on the application.of Java fundamentals, object-oriented programming principles, and UML modelling. Advanced features such as database integration, graphical user interfaces (GUI), and online payment gateways are not required.

Guidance

The report should focus on the following:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Define OOP and its key principles: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. Discuss the importance of OOP in modern software development, emphasizing how it promotes reusability, scalability, and maintainability of code.

Online Ticket.Reservation System (OTRS): Discuss the development of the Online. Ticket Reservation System (OTRS) that allows users to browse and book the tickets for different modes.of transport (e.g., flights, trains, buses), manage bookings, along with admin management, as mentioned in the assessment brief.

The OTRS will be built using OOP principles to ensure the system is modular, flexible, and scalable. Each part of the system, such as users, tickets, and reservations, will be represented as objects with defined attributes and behaviours.

Impact of OOP on the Online Ticket Reservation System (OTRS): Explain how encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance and polymorphism allow the system to simplify complex tasks, hides the internal.working of the system, protects the data integrity, how to.reduce code duplication with shared functionality.

Benefits of OOP for OTRS Development: Discuss the benefits of OOP in the development of OTRS on the perspective of .modularity, maintainability and scalability. Incorporating UML in the OTRS Development to visually represent the system’s structure, behaviour and interactions: (provide screenshots) Include UML diagrams like class diagrams, sequence diagrams, activity diagrams to visualize the system’s design, enhance communication, and ensureithat object-oriented programming principles are effectively applied.

Critical Reflection: Recognise and discuss the challenges, that come with applying the best practices, that is crucial
for successful application of OOPs principles in a practical, real-world software development. Discuss the potential drawbacks, and performance bottlenecks that OOP can introduces

Conclusion: Summarize how OOP principles enhance the development of the OTRS by making it more flexible, reusable, and easier to maintain.

Answer

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