B50EM: Compare and contrast the design principles for wind turbines and tidal turbines. Your review should focus on the sizing: Advanced Mechanics of Materials I Assignment, HWU, UK

Part 1 – Review of Energy-Generating Turbine Blade Design

Compare and contrast the design principles for wind turbines and tidal turbines. Your review should focus on the sizing, geometric design, and materials of construction of the blades and should consider the changes in the design dictated by the different types of loading involved.

Part 2: Analytical design

Use two simple models of a blade, assuming it to be a rectangular sheet with either one end or the edge fixed, as illustrated in Figure. Stack the upper and lower surfaces of sector 2 on top of each other to make a single laminate.

Fig. A- Simplified flap-wise model of Sector 2

Fig. B- Simplified edgewise model of Sector 2

Using a [0/45/90/-45]2s lay-up carbon fiber epoxy laminate for the two surfaces stacked together, determine appropriate values of Vf and thickness for the plies to ensure that the composite meets the design deflections under the anticipated peak current loading4 and meets the Tsai-Hill strength criterion with an appropriate factor of safety. Carry out the calculation for each model, and select the lay-up that you consider is the more appropriate of the two.

Part 3: Numerical design

Using the orthotropic modulus from Part 1, build FE model of the simplified configurations you used (Figures A and B) and validate your flapwise and edgewise deflections under the maximum current loading that you used in Part 1. Next, using the material that you designed in Part 1, apply both the edge and end fixities simultaneously. Again, apply the maximum current loading and determine the resulting edgewise and flapwise deflections. Reserve your comments on this result for Part 4.

Part 4: Damage mechanics and fatigue

Using the orthotropic modulus and simplified model from Part 1, but using selected values of mid-surface curvature from Part 2, assess the fatigue life of the blade, assuming an R-ratio of -1, and what you consider to be an appropriate value of stress range. Use the Goodman diagram given in Figure.

Make suggestions for changes to your material design and suggest a full-scale fatigue testing regime for a prototype blade.

Goodman diagram for [0/45/90/-45]2s carbon fibre epoxy laminate

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